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[英語筆記] 現在完成式(一) 表示經驗

坐看雲起時 | 2025-02-12 20:30:21 | 巴幣 2 | 人氣 37

Structure 現在完成式（一）： 主詞＋ have （has）＋ pp ＋ …..

表示到目前為止曾有或未曾有過的經驗

常和表示經驗的副詞連用，例如 ever, never, once, twice, many times, several times , before …。

※ ever 一般只用在疑問句中
例：Have you ever been to a basketball game?

※ never 用在否定句，不可以再加not

談論到現在為止的經驗時，一般用現在完成式，但在描述具體時間、地點、
過程時，則可用過去式。

動詞的過去分詞

規則變化：

動詞字尾形式	變化規則	動詞原形	動詞過去分詞
一般動詞字尾	字尾直接加-ed	cook show	cooked showed
字尾為e	字尾直接加-d	arrive change lie(說謊)	arrived changed lied
字尾為「子音加y」	去y加-ied	try study	tried studied
字尾為「短母音加子音」	重複字尾子音後加-ed	plan stop	planned stopped

不規則變化分類：

類別	動詞原形	動詞過去式	動詞過去分詞
過去分詞與過去式相同 (A-B-B)	hear tell say sleep send spend win make buy bring teach have leave feed	heard told said slept sent spent won made bought brought taught had left fed	heard told said slept sent spent won made bought brought taught had left fed
過去分詞與動詞原型相同 (A-B-A)	come run	came ran	come run
動詞原形、過去式及過去分詞皆不同 (A-B-C)	be break do see sing speak swim steal go give write take eat lie(躺)	was/were broke did saw sang spoke swam stole went gave wrote took ate lay	been broken done seen sung spoken swum stolen gone given written taken eaten lain

肯定句練習：
例：I've been to America once.

1. play basketball

2. swim in the ocean

3. talk to an America

4. take a plane

5. see snow

參考答案:

1. play basketball??I’ve played basketball once.

2.swim in the ocean ??I’ve swum in the ocean.

3. talk to an American ??I’ve talked to an American.

4. take a plane??I’ve taken a plane.

5. see snow??I’ve seen snow.

否定句練習：
例：I've never seen a UFO.

play basketball
swim in the ocean
talk to an American
take a plane
be to the USA

參考答案:

play basketball?? I’ve never played basketball once.
swim in the ocean ?? I’ve never swum in the ocean.
talk to an American?? I’ve never talked to an American.
take a plane?? I’ve never taken a plane.
be to the USA?? I’ve never seen snow.

問句練習：Have ＋ S ＋ ever ＋ been to …？
答句： Yes, S ＋ have. / No, S ＋ haven't.

                 例：Have you ever been to Yushan？
                        Yes, I have.  I have been to Yushan twice.
                        No, I haven't.  I have never been to Yushan.

1. Japan / once

2. Kenting National Park / many times

3. Hualien / never

4. New York / twice

5. America / never

6. Taipei / many times

7. there / before

參考答案:

1. Japan / once

Have you ever been to Japan?
Yes, I have. I have been to Japan once.

2. Kenting National Park / many times

Have you ever been to Kenting National Park?
Yes, I have. I have been to Kenting National Park many times.