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翻譯：angelguga(幽影)※20230730

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歡迎回到卡辛楊

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咱最後一部影片，要聊輪機

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當下我們在後輪機艙

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位於主甲板下，向著艦艉

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幾乎是你能到達的艦內最深處

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我周圍大部分機械

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都用來驅動左舷螺旋槳

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我所在位置的前方為後鍋爐艙

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然後從那裡往艦艏走去

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就是前鍋爐艙與前輪機艙

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該處曾遭神風特攻隊重創

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於1945年7月30日

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令右舷螺旋槳失去動力

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因此當她於1945年8月返航美國時

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僅憑這間輪機艙的動力

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設計像卡辛楊這樣的驅逐艦

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是火力、裝甲與航速的良好平衡

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但航速無疑是她的長處

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她多達三分之一乘員

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在這些非常狹窄的輪機艙工作

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推動卡辛楊不斷前進

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二戰期間，她航行超過15萬英里

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橫越太平洋

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理論上，這款驅逐艦

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航速可達36節，約42英里/小時

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即便她初期航速試驗

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似乎從未超過35.1節

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儘管如此，二戰美驅常被稱作：

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【海上灰獵犬】
※Greyhounds of the sea

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原因在於她們的航速

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弗萊徹級驅逐艦是USN迄今以來

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建造數量最龐大的驅逐艦級

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她們仍然相當輕

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通常排水量僅2050噸左右

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但加上乘員、彈藥與燃料的重量

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她們的滿載排水量可達3000噸

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卡辛楊可攜帶約137000加侖燃油

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通稱#5燃料或海軍特種燃料

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其中80%為重油、20%為柴油

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艦船推進循環的第一步是

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燃燒油料將水轉化為蒸汽

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艦上4座巴韋鍋爐
※Babcock and Wilcox boiler

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在華氏850度時，該蒸汽產生

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每平方吋約615磅的壓力

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供應她的2座西屋雙級減速渦輪機

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該機則驅動艦船的2座螺旋槳

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螺旋槳有3個葉片

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由青銅製成，重6500磅

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最後，冷凝器將蒸汽冷卻回液態水

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以返回鍋爐

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再次重複整個循環

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當然，過程中會損失一些水與蒸汽

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因此卡辛楊要用蒸發器

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將海水蒸餾成淡水給鍋爐

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因為鹽水腐蝕性太強，無法使用

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我身後是個脫氧槽

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用來先除去水中氧氣，再給鍋爐

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所有鍋爐滿負荷運轉時

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會運行約9600加侖的水

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她載有18000加侖鍋爐給水

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以及17000加侖飲水

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用於烹飪、洗澡與飲用

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但鍋爐給水總是第一優先

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這個通稱節流閥

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駐守這裡的水兵與

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艦橋駕駛室的車鐘員密切聯絡

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調整、配送全艦的蒸汽動力

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並決定螺旋槳的轉速與方向

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卡辛楊加滿油出海

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航行4500-4800海里後

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才需要再加油

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這是用約15節航速行駛的場合

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她【洋上補給】的間隔

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通常為3-4天

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這是高風險任務

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需要絕對的精準

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卡辛楊與任何給她加油的艦船

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都必須平行行駛以連接燃料管

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燃料會加熱到約華氏250度以便泵送

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每小時約可泵送10萬加侖

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這套【洋上補給】技術

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令她在二戰期間

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得以走遍浩瀚的太平洋

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燃料更充當艦船必須的壓艙物

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以保持低重心，避免翻覆

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最壞的情況下

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她無法定期加油時

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海水可注入燃料槽

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當作必要的壓艙物

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儘管航速很快

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但她與其他弗萊徹級一樣

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舵的尺寸較小

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代表旋回半徑比戰艦

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甚至空母還大

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她可能要88秒才能轉完180度

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但二戰期間，人們認為

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更快轉完的半徑

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會降低她的高射砲

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追蹤、打擊敵機的能力

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儘管如此，在1950年代

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她的舵被加大了

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讓她僅59秒即可轉完180度

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跟艦上火砲一樣

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她的輪機與推進器

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如今已無法使用

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1978年，她被拖到這裡時

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是艘陸軍拖船

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承擔這項工作

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然而，卡辛楊成為博物館艦

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已有40多年的歷史

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今日走在她甲板上時

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你其實也走入了歷史

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看著艦上種種

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一如1940、1950年代的水兵

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卡辛楊的到來

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不光見證水兵們的海軍生涯

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更見證海軍造船廠員工們

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建造、維修並翻新軍艦的心血

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像查爾斯頓也有1間

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卡辛楊正是我大美利堅

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【民主軍火庫】的典範

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※波士頓國家歷史公園

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※謹此向卡辛楊致敬